Technical Words List in English: A Glossary of Technical Terms Used in Engineering and Science

In the world of engineering and science, there is a vast collection of terms that are used regularly in various fields. These terms can be quite technical and often require a deep understanding of the subject matter to fully appreciate their meaning and context. For those who are new to these fields, it can be quite challenging to navigate the lexicon of technical terms. This article aims to provide a comprehensive glossary of some of the most commonly used technical terms in engineering and science, helping readers better understand these disciplines and their applications.

1. Abscissas and ordinates

Abscissas and ordinates are terms used in cartography and geometry to describe the coordinates of a point on a coordinate grid. Abscissas are the x-coordinates, while ordinates are the y-coordinates.

2. Algorithm

An algorithm is a set of steps or instructions used to solve a problem or perform a task. In engineering and science, algorithms are often used to process and analyze data, create models, or solve complex mathematical problems.

3. Ampersand (&)

The ampersand is a symbol used to represent the word "and" in English. It is sometimes called the "and sign" or "et sign" and is represented by the symbol "&".

4. Angle

In geometry and engineering, an angle is a two-dimensional figure formed by two lines or surfaces that meet at a point and form a non-zero degree angle. Angles are commonly used in various applications, such as architecture, mechanics, and electronics.

5. Axis

An axis is a linear support or reference point in a mechanical or electrical system. It is often used to describe the horizontal or vertical line through a center of rotation or an equilibrium point.

6. Bell curve

A bell curve is a graphical representation of a probability distribution, commonly used in statistics and probability theory. It is shaped like a bell or parabola, with a central peak and symmetric tails on either side.

7. Centigrade

Centigrade is a historical term used to measure temperature, where 0°C is considered the freezing point and 100°C is considered the boiling point of water. The term is now considered archaic and is often replaced by degrees Celsius.

8. Circumference

The circumference of a circle or circle is the distance around its edge. It is calculated by multiplying the radius by the circular constant, which is approximately 3.14159.

9. Coordinate geometry

Coordinate geometry is a mathematical field that uses coordinates to represent points in two or three-dimensional space. It is often used in engineering and architecture to describe and analyze shapes, surfaces, and objects.

10. Datum

In cartography and surveying, a datum is a fixed point or surface used as a reference for measuring and coordinate systems. Datums are essential in ensuring consistent and accurate measurements across different locations and environments.

11. Degree

In engineering and science, a degree is a measure of angle or rotation. It is commonly used in mechanics, electronics, and other fields to describe angles, rotations, and variations in angles and rotations.

12. Diagonal

In geometry and engineering, a diagonal is a line that connects two points not on the same line or axis. Diagonals are often used in constructing squares, rectangles, and other polygons.

13. Dominant factor

In statistics, the dominant factor is the factor that has the largest effect on the result or outcome. It is often used in data analysis and predictive modeling to identify the most significant factors influencing a variable or result.

14. Element

In chemistry, an element is a chemical substance that cannot be broken down further into simpler substances by chemical reactions. Elements are classified based on their chemical properties and behavior.

15. Engine

An engine is a device that generates power by converting energy from one form to another. In engineering, engines are used in various applications, such as motors, generators, and pumps.

16. Equation

An equation is a mathematical statement that describes a relationship between two or more variables. Equations are used in science, engineering, and mathematics to solve problems, make predictions, and analyze data.

17. Force

In physics, a force is a potential or actual influence that causes an object to undergo acceleration or change in motion. Forces are often classified as gravity, electric, magnetic, or viscous forces, depending on the nature of the interaction and the objects involved.

18. Friction

Friction is the resistance to motion or rotation caused by the contact between two surfaces. It is a key factor in various engineering applications, such as mechanics, transportation, and manufacturing.

19. Hydraulic pressure

Hydraulic pressure is the force exerted by a fluid (such as water or oil) under pressure. It is commonly used in engineering applications, such as hydraulic systems, pumps, and turbines.

20. Integral

In mathematics, an integral is a mathematical operation that represents the area under a curve or the length of a curve between two points. Integrals are used in calculus and other areas of science and engineering to calculate quantities such as mass, volume, and surface area.

The technical terms listed in this article represent just a small fraction of the vast lexicon used in engineering and science. As these fields continue to grow and evolve, it is essential for those new to them to have a solid understanding of these terms to better navigate and appreciate the complex world of engineering and science. By understanding these terms, one can better understand the principles and practices behind various technologies and applications, ultimately contributing to a deeper understanding and better application of these disciplines.